閱讀本文之前, 請先閱讀本部落格聲明 , 並請閱讀 股票選擇權簡介 與 3篇 “淺談選擇權策略”.
淺談選擇權策略(之4) – Calendar Spread 文中介紹的選擇權策略,利用價錢因時間漸逝而下降的原理,以賣出較短期失效,同時買進相同履約價的較長期失效選擇權,試圖獲利。Double Calendar 以上述策略為基礎,同時雙重使用CALL 和PUT 的Calendar Spreads, 稱為 Double Calendar,此策略頗適用於財報之前的公司股票。
美國股市的公司股價在財報後常有大漲大跌現像,因此所相對的股價隱含波動率 (Implied Volatility) 在財報前相對的高,財報後則降低。Double Calendar Spread 即是利用此原理,賣出”前月“ 較短期選擇權 (權利金因較高的隱含波動率而相對性的價錢比例高),同時買進”後月“較長期選擇權 (權利金定價較正常)。
谷歌 Google(代號GOOG)於1/22/2013財報,1/4/13當日股價約 $735。以每股$11.76賣出履約價 $775,失效日2/16/13的買權CALL(Sell to Open Short Position),同時以每股 $15.31買進相同履約價,失效日 3/16/13的買權(Buy to Open Long Position);構成第一個 Calendar Spread. 再以每股 $12.50賣出履約價 $695,失效日2/16/13的賣權PUT,同時以每股 $16.35買進相同履約價,失效日 3/16/13的賣權;加上 CALL Calendar Spread,形成 Double Calendar 策略, 每股付出 $7.40。
Double Calendar 獲利虧損圖形如下圖。圖示只顯示此策略的基本圖形,並非實際的交易獲利虧損圖。
1/22/13盤後,Google財報優於預期,股價隔天漲至 $741.50收盤。
結果討論:
- 此策略交易,在”前月”選擇權失效日 2/16/13的前一天,GOOG股價續漲至約 $792。安東尼以每股 $14.60買回履約價 $775,失效日2/16/13的買權CALL (Close the Short Position;Buy to Cover)。此個別選擇權每股損失 $2.84。
- 2/16/13,所賣出履約價 $695,失效日2/16/13的賣權PUT自動失效,每股獲利 $12.50。
- GOOG股價隨著大盤續漲,安東尼覺得股價已太高,決定不玩了,於2/19/13以每股 $36.85賣出擁有的履約價 $775,失效日 3/16/13的買權CALL,每股獲利 $21.54 (Closing the Long Position;Sell to Cover)。
- 此綜合 Double Calendar策略,只剩下擁有的履約價 $695,失效日 3/16/13的賣權PUT未處理,依常理和股價趨勢判斷,3/15/13當天,GOOG應收價 $695以上,此個別選擇權將自動失效,每股損失 $16.35。
- 此 Double Calendar 策略,每股獲利 $14.85 ( = (11.76-14.60) + (12.50–0) + (-15.31+36.85) + (-16.35+0) )。
- GOOG 有續漲的可能,三月份的 Long CALL 權利金 (Premium) 應有繼續上漲的潛力,本著不貪心的原則,獲利了結。
- 其實財報隔日,放空的Short CALL position 只值約 $2.3,當日若買回 CALL (Cover the Short CALL),總獲利應更多。但是安一再強調,投注股市決不能貪心,賺就是贏。誰如能預測到 GOOG 財報後一路續漲呢?
- Double Calendar 策略適合在失效日之前,依據股價走勢,隨時調整,或是 Close the position,或是 Roll;以增加獲利機會。以後可能再發文討論。
版主您好,最近不斷困惑於被通知Regulation T call,但我實在不太理解要下單之前要如何估算,
希望能藉由您的解說來幫助我釐清觀念。
1:在margin call裡面Maintenance calls以及Minimum equity calls這兩個都很好理解,但唯獨Reg-T我查了一下是說FED規定Reg-T帳戶裡買進的價格有所謂50%限制,請問這是什麼意思?
因為我覺得奇怪的是,明明我的options 以及stock buying power都還很足夠,maintenance requirement 也遠低於我帳戶的我的availuable funds for trading,但往往我下了一個sell naked put或是bull put credit spread就會被通知Reg-T call,且出現的金額我怎麼算都兜不攏 > <
2:若是以options賣方策略來說,譬如我sell HPQ 17 May的naked put,權利金假設為0.2,我下10個contracts,那這樣的交易對Reg-T的影響是怎麼算?
3:我查了TD的線上QA,全文如下:REGULATION T CALLS can be covered by depositing cash or marginable stock, closing long or short equity positions, or transferring in funds or marginable stock from another TD Ameritrade account. ****(If closing a position, you must liquidate twice the amount of the Reg T call in marginable securities. The security which created the Reg T call cannot be liquidated to meet the call.)**** Reg T calls must be met within five (5) business days, without exception. We must receive and credit funds sent by overnight check or wire by the close of business on day 5 for your Reg T call to be met. Otherwise, a forcible sellout may occur.
上述我用星號分割出來的這一段if closing a……to meet the call,可否請您幫我翻譯,我不太懂他只的意思@@
4:請問在您的經驗哩,有沒有一套方式在下單前可以估算目前帳戶裡的所有資金狀況,會不會造成Reg-T call,有辦法精確算出金額嗎??
一直以來完全靠您的部落格自學從零開始到目前已開始從美股options中穩健獲利,獲益匪淺,感激不盡。這次又問了很多,希望您有空能幫忙解答,謝謝啦
讚讚
出遊回來後發現您的問題,看來在時間上可能無法幫上忙,今晚正好又有事,無法馬上回覆(現人在台灣)。等有空,會試者回答。
讚讚
沒關係,還是感謝您。
我賣掉一些部位就解除Reg-T call了,只是目前還是無法理解到底如何從部位當中(我有naked put以及iron condor)的買賣量與價來檢視到底會不會造成所謂50%限制的regulaion-T call,下單總市提心吊膽。 (ps:我目前的資金狀況如下https://dl.dropbox.com/u/11622449/2013-03-11_191702.jpg),無法理解為何buying power還高於margin maintenance requirement不少,但只要下個單就會造成Reg-T call..
讚讚
好棒喔~ 又找到幾位志同道同的朋友, 我也是在家裡操作美股選擇權, 我們可以教個朋友, 以後一起心得分享, 我是 Sam Yang, e-mail: clyang0306@gmail.com, 住在德州達拉斯附近!
讚讚
Sam,
請問您是否與Phase Dynamics公司有關?
Antonio
讚讚
Antonio:
那是間什麼公司呢? 我不清楚!
你也是做美股選擇權嗎? 你是住美國那呢?
Sam
讚讚
有位也是住Dallas的Sam Yang, 是好友的朋友. 我太太見過他, 我未見過.
選擇權我只做美股的, 居住南加州.
讚讚
Hi Antonio:
至今雖然我還是沒有辦法很明確了解前述有關Reg-T call如何下單前自我估算,但透過這次跟TD的訊息來往倒也不是沒有收穫,在此與板上同好分享。
看來若是有部分現金是歸在money market balance裡面,TD的系統有這樣的bug是不會把裡面的金額和cash balance放一起做計算,此時若因下單而觸發Reg-T call時可不用理會。目前我的作法是暫時先把cash都出money market balance,自此就可藉由下單前TD計算的buying power effect來了解是否在安全的margin內。下列是TD在信件中的回覆 (兩封):
讚讚
Thank you for your inquiry. I apologize for any confusion this may have caused you.
There is a known issue with some accounts with the advanced margin service where our system does not recognize the funds in your money market at the calculation of start of day balances, which can result in the generation of a Regulation T notification on the website when you actually have cash in your account. Our developers are aware of this issue and are working towards a resolution; however, I do not have an estimated time of completion for resolution.
In the meantime, if you have not traded in your account when you first log in and you see the Regulation T notification but also see that you have funds available for trading, this is an indication that the notification was generated due to this known issue and you may disregard the Regulation T call notification. You are also welcome to check with us any time you are unsure if the message you see is due to a valid Regulation T call and requires action.
In reference to your questions, the difference between a Regulation T call and and potential Regulation T call is whether or not your have started the day in the Regulation T deficiency. Once you start the day deficient, the potential call will be issued.
Federal Regulation T mandates that you have 50% of the value of any marginable trades in your own equity. TD AMERITRADE considers this when calculating your buying power and available funds. Generally, staying within these balances will keep your account from being Regulation T deficient.
If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to ask.
讚讚
Thank you for contacting TD Ameritrade. The system is attempting to allow you to use the available funds in your account. There are circumstances when using market orders when market fluctuations in the price could overspend the account. It’s best to practice limit order trades in this case. With regards, the Reg T call. The system may display a Reg T call message but your balances should be correct and reflect what you are able to spend. For further information regarding this, feel free to respond to this message or call in at 800-669-3900.
Best regards,
David Turner
Risk Management Group
TD Ameritrade
讚讚
GB:
謝謝分享.
回美幾天後, 時差終於調整好. 個人雖有Margin Account, 但隨時保持100%Equity, 關於Margin的規則雖然瞭解, 但從未曾詳細留意. 本打算好好研究一番, 另外發文, 藉以增進自己知識, 現可托個一陣子了 🙂
Antonio
讚讚
我是安東尼忠實的讀者,潛水很久了,目前住在西北角的華盛頓州。去年年中開始研究美股選擇權。還是選擇權的新手。目前使用TOS 來analyze,但是使用Interactive Brokers交易。希望能在這裡跟大家學習切磋!
再兩個禮拜就是超級財報周,很期待能利用此機會來練習short strangle, double diagnal/calendar, Inverted butterfly 等財報策略。不曉得大家是不是也磨刀霍霍 🙂
Sandra
讚讚
歡迎加入選擇權交易行列. 是的, 由於財報期間股價的波動幅度大, 選擇權 Premium相對高, 手續費百分比相對低, 也是安東尼交易較多的時期. 祝好運.
Antonio
讚讚
假設今天 1 月 1 日,股價$100元,
Long call $100 2月3日
Long put $100 2月3日
Short call $100 1月3日
Short put $100 1月3日
1月2日財報之後 Close 所有 position
我覺得勝率很大,可是每個方法都有缺點,但我想了很久也想不到最壞風險是甚麼,所以想請教一下
讚讚
有空經過思考後回覆。
讚讚
請看新發表的討論文章
讚讚